KEMAJUAN TERKINI DALAM PENGEMASAN BIODEGRADABLE: PENGGUNAAN KEMASAN BERBASIS POLY(LACTIC-ACID)–TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32897/sobat.2024.6.1.4174Keywords:
Poly(Lactic-Acid) (PLA), Plastik Biodegradable, Kemasan Ramah Lingkungan, Film Antibakteri, Teknik ElektrospinningAbstract
Peningkatan populasi dunia telah memicu lonjakan produksi plastik global, dari 1,5 juta ton pada tahun 1950 menjadi 370 juta ton pada tahun 2020, dengan proyeksi empat kali lipat pada tahun 2050. Sistem industri berbasis ekonomi linier yang mengandalkan bahan baku fosil telah terbukti tidak berkelanjutan akibat berkurangnya sumber daya alam dan dampak negatifnya terhadap lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, plastik biodegradable seperti Poly(Lactic-Acid) (PLA) menjadi alternatif menarik dalam pengemasan ramah lingkungan. PLA memiliki biodegradabilitas tinggi, emisi gas rendah, toksisitas minimal, serta kompatibilitas dengan peralatan pengolahan plastik konvensional, menjadikannya solusi berkelanjutan untuk kemasan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi PLA sebagai bahan kemasan biodegradable dengan fokus pada pengembangan material yang berkelanjutan, termasuk kombinasi PLA dengan biopolimer lain seperti kitin untuk menciptakan film kemasan antibakteri menggunakan teknik elektrospinning. Pendekatan tinjauan sistematis dilakukan dengan menganalisis artikel ilmiah terkini (2018–2023) yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan tentang potensi PLA sebagai solusi inovatif untuk mengurangi dampak negatif plastik konvensional terhadap lingkungan dan keanekaragaman hayati.
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